An international research team led by a domestic research institute developed a core technology that can accelerate the commercialization of quantum computers and was published in the international academic journal ‘Science ‘ .
Quantum computers are the so-called ‘dream computers’ that major developed countries and big tech companies are paying attention to.
The United States considers quantum computers to be one of the key technologies of the next generation.
The Joe Biden administration included the quantum computing field along with artificial intelligence ( AI ) and advanced semiconductors in its executive order banning or regulating domestic investment in China. On the other hand, we have actively engaged in cooperation in the development of quantum technologies with our allies.
China is also investing a huge amount of capital in the development of quantum computers and is securing technological competitiveness that can threaten other countries, including the United States.
Our country also aims to become a ‘quantum economy-centered country’ by 2035. The strategy is to increase the global market share of the quantum industry to 10% and foster related talent to 2,500, 7 times the current number.
■Problems that would take supercomputers 10,000 years to solve in just 200 seconds
The reason quantum computers are called dream computers is because of their performance that far exceeds the supercomputers that currently have the highest computing power.
A quantum computer can solve a random number problem that would take a supercomputer 10,000 years to solve in just 200 seconds .
The secret to overwhelming performance can be found in the principles of quantum computers. The current computer’s information unit is a bit
, expressed as ‘0’ or ‘1’ . The status is indicated by the heads or tails of the coin. However, in a quantum system, not only ‘0’ or ‘1’ exists separately, but also an ‘overlapping state’ in which ‘0’ and ‘1’ exist simultaneously . As a result, calculations can be processed at a much faster speed than current computers. This unit of quantum information is called a qubit ( quantum bit ) . ■’Qubit’, the core of quantum computer commercialization One of the most key technologies for commercializing quantum computers is how to design and express this ‘qubit’, and the international research team’s achievement this time lies in ‘qubit design’. . So far, researchers from around the world have proposed various qubit design methods using superconducting junctions, ion traps, quantum dots, and quantum phase states, but they have had disadvantages such as difficulty in precise control and low reliability.
In this situation, the Quantum Nanoscience Research Group of the Institute for Basic Science ( IBS ), a government-funded research institute, is attracting attention by proposing a new qubit design method through international joint research with research teams in Japan, Spain, and the United States.
■ Electron spin qubit… “Precise control at the atomic level”
Researchers including Andreas Heinrich, director of the Research Center for Basic Science (distinguished professor at Ewha Womans University), presented a qubit platform with multiple titanium atoms placed on a thin insulator (magnesium oxide) surface . The key is to create a multiple titanium atomic structure where multiple atomic spins can interact by accurately manipulating the position of each atom using a probe called a scanning
tunneling microscope ( STM ).
Afterwards, a probe is placed on a titanium atom (sensor qubit) that토토사이트 will act as a sensor, and through remote control, several qubits (remote qubits) placed at a distance from the sensor are controlled and measured simultaneously with one probe.
The advantage of this method is that information exchange between qubits can be precisely controlled at the atomic level.
It can largely solve the ‘precision problem’ that was pointed out as a shortcoming in the qubit design method of overseas researchers mentioned earlier. “It is surprising that multiple qubits can be controlled at the same time while remotely manipulating atoms,
” said Park Soo-hyun, a research fellow and co-corresponding author. “While previously only a single qubit could be controlled on the surface, this study allows for the control of multiple qubits at the same time. ” “We have implemented a multi-qubit system in each unit, ” he emphasized. Because it is a method of controlling multiple qubits simultaneously in the ‘atomic’ unit, which is smaller than ‘nano’, which is one billionth of a meter in size, further development of this technology could ultimately serve as a cornerstone for the development of miniaturized quantum computers . The researchers explained that there is.
■”Qubits that go beyond existing limitations…possibility of a new quantum era”
In addition, it is different from existing qubit methods in that quantum integrated circuits can be implemented using the smallest qubits .
Unlike methods that require specific materials such as superconductors (superconducting junction), the ability to use various atoms as qubit materials is also considered a competitive advantage. “ The electronic spin qubit platform can be expanded to tens or hundreds of qubits,” said Research Fellow Bae Yu-jeong, co-corresponding
author. “By creating a new world-leading platform, Korea is opening a new era in quantum information science and driving innovation.” “It showed the possibility that it could be done,” he said.